Writing about these metals, the Greeks would refer to them by their respective gods’ names, and then as now, these were spelled with a combination of letters after awhile, a type of shorthand arose for example, relevant to Mars ( Thouros) and Venus ( Phosphorus):
So, for example, the Sun (Helios) was associated with gold (note: in truth, the Sun is white in the human visual spectrum, not yellow) Mars (in Greek, Thouros) was associated with the hard, red metal used to make weapons, iron and Venus (in Greek, Phosphorus) with the softer metal that can turn green, copper. They also came to associate different heavenly bodies with their powerful gods- Mercury, Venus, Mars, Zeus (Jupiter) and Cronus (Saturn).Įach heavenly body, along with its god, was also associated with a particular metal. Logically, then, ancient scholars began to study the heavens in order to better predict, and prepare for, the future. The ancients, after observing how the movements of heavenly bodies like the Sun and planets heralded a corresponding change in events on our planet, eventually came to believe that there was a causal relationship. The symbols themselves are ancient, and the associations they make date back to the dawn of civilization.
Representing two planets, iron, copper and a couple of Olympian gods, the classical symbols for male and female pack a lot of meaning into a few squiggly lines. asks: Where did the male and female symbols come from?
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